阔叶林下栽培灵香草试验研究

试验表明,在阔叶林下套种灵香草,坡位以山脚或山凹为最佳,林分郁闭度以0．7—0．85为宜;扦插时间以秋季最好,扦插密度在立地条件好的地方以株行距15cm×20cm为宜;施肥以火烧土为主配适量复合肥;在最佳条件组合下,灵香草年干产量可达2023．5kg／hm~2．     

湘南典型残次阔叶林人工促进更新技术研究

于2003年在湖南省汝城县益将国有林场天然残次阔叶林内设置试验样地和对照样地各3个,采用林地清理、补植、补播等手段促进天然更新,并分别于2006年和2011年进行2次人工促进干预;同时,在6个样地内各设置3个样方,共计18个样方,分别于2003、2008、2013年冬,对幼树、幼苗、萌条的数量及地径进行统计,并对样方内胸径≥5 cm的立木进行每木调查。结果表明:种子补播保存率43%,幼苗补植保存率20%,平均保存率32%。树高≤30 cm且地径0.5 cm、31 cm≤树高≤50 cm且0.5 cm地径0.7 cm幼树的数量下降率分别是对照样地的17.5%、21.59%,树高≥51 cm且地径0.7 cm幼树的数量下降率是对照样地的121.66%。2008年单位面积蓄积量是对照样地的2.28倍,2013年达到3.80倍;经过10年更新,单位面积蓄积量是试验前的11.57倍,对照样地单位面积蓄积量仅是试验前的2.55倍;单位面积蓄积量是对照样地的4.54倍。人工促进天然更新所需的人工成本为1 860元/hm2,仅为同期人工营造杉木幼林所需人工成本5 310元/hm2的35%。     

Powdery Mildew of Prairie Gentian: Characteristics,Molecular Phylogeny and Pathogenicity

In March 1999, we found prairie gentian (Eustoma grandiflorum) infected with powdery mildew in a greenhouse in Oita Prefecture, Japan. Morphological observation revealed that the causal fungus belongs to the mitosporic genus Oidium subgenus Pseudoidium [teleomorph: Erysiphe sensu Braun and Takamatsu (2000)]. Precise taxonomic position of the fungus, however, is uncertain due to lack of the perfect stage. We determined the nucleotide sequence of the rDNA ITS region of the fungus. Comparison of the sequence with those obtained from DNA databases of this fungal group revealed that the sequence is identical to those of powdery mildews from garden four-o'clock (Mirabilis jalapa) and broad bean (Vicia faba). Inoculation of an isolate from garden four-o'clock caused mildew on prairie gentian and broad bean, suggesting that the prairie gentian mildew originates from garden four-o'clock or broad bean. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship of this fungus to Erysiphe baeumleri on Vicia spp. and E. trifolii on Trifolium pratense. From these results, we propose that prairie gentian mildew diverged from a Fabaceae-parasitic ancestor. Received 14 March 2002/ Accepted in revised form 28 May 2002     

8405药剂的药物代谢动力学研究

8405药剂是新创制的复方制剂,经临床试用表明本药剂对某些细菌性和原虫性疾患具有良好疗效,通过药物代谢动力学研究由所求得的主要参数(生物半衰期、血药峰值、有效浓度维持时间、消除率等)说明本药剂是一种吸收、排泄缓慢、药效持续时间较长的广谱、高效杀菌药剂,在临床上有推广应用意义。     

江苏省蚕豆种质鉴定和评价利用

江苏省蚕豆种质资源丰富。本所通过农艺性状、抗病性、抗逆性鉴定和营养成份测定 ,对其种质作出评价 ,并对其中 7个品种进行重点评述和推荐。     

Genetic variability in antibiotic resistance to the greenbug Schizaphis graminum in Hordeum chilense

Hordeum chilense (Roem. et Schult), a native grass of South America, is a source of antixenotic and antibiotic resistance to the greenbug Schizaphis graminum Rondani. The genetic and environmental components of the variability in antibiotic resistance shown by H. chilense were determined by measuring the developmental time, the length of adult life, fecundity and intrinsic rate of population increase of green-bugs reared on this host. The aphids belonged to a clone of biotype C. Plants were cloned to reduce the incidence of environmental variability. Different plant characters appeared to prolong aphid developmental time and reduce the length of adult life and total fecundity. The broad sense heritability and the genetic variability of these plant characters were different. The plant character that affected aphid development appears to differ from that affecting fecundity.     

Evaluation of New Container Media for Aglaonema Production

Mandated processing of waste by‐products in the United States has inspired national interest in addressing the effectiveness of using composted biosolids and yard trimmings to grow containerized plants. Diamond bay Chinese evergreen (Aglaonema ‘Diamond Bay’) was transplanted in containers filled with one of eight formulated media (components added by volume). Medium 1 was a standard mix commonly used in Aglaonema production (5:2:3 peat–vermiculite–perlite); medium 2 was formulated on site to contain peat–bark–stalite–rice hulls–coir (2:2:3:1:2); media 3 and 4 contained 40% biosolid–yard waste compost instead of peat and with or without 20% stalite, respectively; and media 5, 6, 7, and 8 were commercially formulated to contain peat–bark–perlite–rice hulls–coir (4:1.5:2.5:1:1, 4:1.5:2.5:1:1, 4:2:2:1:1, and 3.0:2.5:2:1:1.5, respectively). Physical and chemical properties of the eight media were in ranges 50–65% container water‐holding capacity, 2.9–7.8% air‐filled porosity, 55–80% moisture (w/w), 0.11–0.37 g·cm³ bulk density, 0.34–0.96 g·cm³ particle density, 4.2–7.2 pH, 0.12–4.4 dS·m^?1 electrical conductivity (EC), 27.3–54.5 meg/100 g cation exchange capacity (CEC), 17.9–39.0% carbon (C), and 0.22–1.7% nitrogen (N). Medium 4 (40% compost) had 5.5 times more ammoniacal N (NH₄‐N) and 1.7 times more nitrate N (NO₃‐N) than that of the standard commercial mix. At week 8, plants grown in media 2 and 5 were 8.9% to 9.5% taller than plants grown in medium 1 (commercial standard). At week 16, there were no significant differences in plant heights or growth indices among media. At week 24, there were no significant differences in plant height, growth index, visual quality, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight among media. However, cumulative phosphorus (P) leaching from media 1, 4, and 5 was significantly more than leaching from media 2 and 8. This study suggests that compost may serve as a horticulturally suitable and cost‐effective alternative to peat‐based media for Aglaonema production.     

亚热带常绿阔叶林涵养水源效能的研究

以湖南省会同县一块常绿阔叶林为对象,对其林地土壤水分的物理特征、枯枝落叶层的持水特征、土壤水分的下渗特征、降雨雨滴的大小分布及降雨动能特征等进行了测定分析,结果表明,常绿阔叶林生态系统对减少雨水对土壤的侵蚀、涵养水源具有重要的作用．